Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Ethical Theory Agrees with the Researcher Life

Question: Describe the ethical theory agrees with the Researcher life. Answer: Introduction: The essay defines the virtue ethics, Deontology as well as Utilitarianism and explains some tenets, pros, and cons of it. The article also describes how these ethical terms can effect the human life as well as researcher philosophy or the way researcher deals his/her life following any of the philosophical terms. Virtue Ethics: According to the Greek philosopher Aristotle, Virtue defines some particular characteristics of human nature or human moral nature (Hursthouse 2013). To live a good life, people should know the demands of life. The life also defines another factor habit (Krner and Volk 2014). Basic Tenets: The primary focus of life is goodness. Goodness includes happiness as well as right doing to achieve the aim of life. Happiness depends on the moral ethics and the intellectuality. A real life is the function of habit. Pros and Cons of Virtue Ethics: The positive aspects of Virtue Ethics include solution of moral dilemma/value, options for life choice and emotion in reasoning etc. The negative aspects identify unclear ethics to solve the dilemma, complex relativity, the confused definition for Eudemonia, difficulty in choosing person, etc. Deontology: This ethical theory argues against Kant's theory and Hume's subjective theory of moral ethics (Hursthouse 2013). The idea of moral principles deals with pure will, principles etc. The transition to work is based on three steps; rational to philosophical to practical ( Krner and Volk 2014). Tenets of Deontology: Tenets of Deontology are based on three essential features; Rightness/wrongness, intrinsic moral value as well as universal moral principle. Pros and Cons of Deontology: The positive aspects of Deontology include the practical judgment of moral principles, laws of categorical imperative and the idea of will. The negative factors identify the lack of emotion, intuitional choice, and favorable economic distribution for lower classes etc (Krner and Volk 2014). Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism argues in the choice of right/wrong taking account of two theories; Bentham's calculus and Mills' theories respectively. According to Bentham's calculus, the rule includes identification of pleasure/pain as quantities. According to the calculus, the value of emotions depends on intensity, duration, proximity, Fecundity etc (Yu 2013). The quantitative approach scales emotions with positive and negative values (+4H means maximum happy and -4H means suicidal). Tenets of Utilitarianism: The tenets include the calculative as well as the qualitative approach in the choice of right/ wrong in life, hedonism as well as the order of pleasure ( Hayry 2013). Pros and cons of Utilitarianism: The positive aspects are a clear identification of pleasure / pain, the qualities and choice of pleasure etc. The negative factors are maximizing pleasure, altruistic idea, intuitional confusion etc. Ethical Theory agrees with the Researcher life: All the three theories deal with the idea of morality and ethics. In virtue ethics, the idea deals with duty and habit. Deontology takes the decision on moral principle. Utilitarianism makes the decision in the best-case scenario (Hayry 2013). The ancient theories of virtue and ethics deal differently with the modern life. All the theories have some practical aspects like a habit, the universal principle and love of pleasure etc. The theoretical ideas cannot be ideal for the practical life (Yu 2013). As an example, lying sometimes is the solution that is more moral but the second theory contradicts the idea. Considering the theories the virtue ethics with its idea of activity and habit is more suitable for modern life. Conclusion: The essay identifies the tenets of three essential theories; Virtue Ethics, Deontology, and Utilitarianism respectively. Moreover, the essay discusses the pros and cons of all the three theories and explains which theory will be more suitable to the present day as well as with the researcher life. References: Hayry, M., 2013.Liberal utilitarianism and applied ethics. Routledge. Hursthouse, R., 2013. Normative virtue ethics.ETHICA, p.645. Krner, A. and Volk, S., 2014. Concrete and abstract ways to deontology: Cognitive capacity moderates construal level effects on moral judgments.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,55, pp.139-145. Yu, J., 2013.The ethics of Confucius and Aristotle: Mirrors of virtue(Vol. 7). Routledge

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